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Match the organizational

theories and approaches with their underlying principles:

Organic approach

Evolutionary approach

Bureaucracy theory

Dynamic theory

Socio-technical

theory

Sociometric theory

Cognitive approach

Administrative management theory

Human resources theory

Scientific management theory

Human relations theory

Technological

theory

a. You have to be cleverer than your opponent, sometimes using force or trickery.

Below is a list of management theories over the last five hundred years. Decide which statement is true in each pair:

1. Machiavelli - The Prince (1513):

b. You have to be clever.

b. The idea that people have needs that motivate their performance. Once a need is met, it is no longer motivating.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (1942):

a. The idea that workers and managers have the same needs and have to cooperate.

a. The working class will rise up and take power from the bourgeoisie, creating a utopia of equality and brotherhood.

2. Marx and Engels The Communist Manifesto (1848):

b. The Communist Party will dominate the world.

a. The idea that organizations are all similar and have the same objective - profit.

Contingency theory (1980s):

b. Management must study every situation and design the best response.

a. The belief that a company is a single organization. Managing the single organization from the top brings success.

Systems approach (1950s and 1960s):

b. The belief that organizations consist of many parts and management has to help each part to work both individually and as part of the whole organization.