Case Study:

Aden works for a marketing firm in Cape Town, South Africa. He has worked for the company for over 10 years and is exceptionally talented at his job. He has recently been promoted and now runs the marketing team for several the company’s largest clients. Aden is a very direct individual and is extremely comfortable giving feedback even unsolicited. During every team meeting, Aden is quick to shut down ideas and is known for giving harsh personal feedback during his teams’ presentations. Although he is one of the most tenured, no one goes to him for help or advice because they fear he will use it as an opportunity to point out every professional and personal flaw.

Since Aden was promoted to leading the marketing team, employee morale and productivity have dropped significantly. 

According to the Afrocentric perspective, graduateness

 includes a critical understanding of ______