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Actively-Engaged-in-Persuasion with Luiz F26
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What does this paragraph do?
Christian ideology in the late 16 century declared abortion to be murder at any stage of pregnancy. The declaration, made by Pope Sixtus V, was not universally accepted and many Catholic scholars disagreed, arguing that until the mother experienced quickening (the flutters that an expectant mother feels when the fetus begins to move), an abortion was acceptable. The scholars debated until well into the 19 century when the Catholic Church emphatically denounced abortion. Today, all major world religions continue to engage in the debate about the morality of abortion and the questions about when life truly begins. Most Christian denominations oppose abortion at any stage of pregnancy, believing that life begins at conception. Islamic traditions typically believe that the fetus gains a soul 120 days after conception, although the exact stage of fetal development where an abortion is permitted differs among Islamic scholars. Judaism states that a fetus is not deserving of the rights of a human being until birth. However, a fetus does deserve protection and Jewish scholars differ on the circumstances in which abortion is permissible. Despite disagreements about when life begins, most religious traditions will allow abortions to occur under certain circumstances, such as when the mother’s life in in peril. The morality of abortion is often discussed on a case-by-case basis and is often influenced by the laws and ideals of the country in which a woman resides.
What does this paragraph do?
For many women, the appearance of two parallel lines on a home pregnancy test results in the joyful anticipation of a new baby. For others, however, the news of a pregnancy may not be cause for celebration. The reasons for not wanting a pregnancy are varied and personal. A woman may not be in a position to support a child financially. She may be in an abusive relationship or not in a relationship at all. She may feel too young or not have enough support in place to undertake the responsibility of raising a baby. Perhaps, she wants to finish school and establish a career before starting a family. She may find herself pregnant as a result of sexual assault. A poor prenatal diagnosis indicating abnormalities or genetic defects in the baby may cause anxiety and stress in the mother. The mother’s life may even be at risk. For these and many other reasons, a woman may decide to end her pregnancy in abortion.
What does this paragraph do?
Since Ancient Civilizations, the abortion debate has not seen consensus. In our modern world, it continues to be a contentious issue that evokes strong emotional reactions on both sides of the debate. Not only does the fundamental question of when life begins remain disputed, but other moral and ethical questions pervade the debate. On the pro-life side, which tends to be supported by conservative religious groups, life at all stages is sacred and abortion is murder. Easy access to legal abortions means that people can be irresponsible in their sexual behaviour, safe in the knowledge that an accidental pregnancy is easily terminated. On the other side of the debate, the pro-choice supporters strongly emphasize that a woman has the right to decide what happens with her own body. A woman who becomes pregnant as a result of sexual assault, or who learns that the fetus she is carrying is compromised should be allowed the option of abortion.
What does this paragraph do?
When an unborn fetus is removed or expelled from a uterus before the end of a pregnancy, and before the fetus would be able to survive on its own, it is referred to as an abortion. This can occur naturally, usually as a result of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus. In this case, it is referred to as a . When a fetus is intentionally removed from a uterus in order to terminate a pregnancy, it is called an . In most cases, medically induced abortions occur during the first trimester, which means before the twelfth week of pregnancy. Abortions that occur after the 21 week of pregnancy towards the end of the second trimester, are commonly referred to as . These carry an increased risk and are more controversial due to the fact that a fetus is generally considered viable and could exist outside the womb after 24 weeks of pregnancy.
A reflection on the religious views on abortion summarized n the article should lead the reader to draw the following inference.
The third paragraph of the article performs a specific function. What is it?
Historically speaking, the evolution of the internet is relatively recent. The original internet got its start in 1958 in the United States. It began as a series of interconnected computer networks designed by the Department of Defense to help protect the country. Over time, the number of computer networks grew and in 1990, the World Wide Web was introduced, a system created to make navigating the internet much easier. In 1991, the internet was introduced to the general population. Since that time, numerous efforts have been made to both spread and control the spread of information. As the number of internet users grew exponentially, concerns with increased criminal activity, privacy, and the airing of diverse political views began to develop. These concerns led to policies enacted to protect privacy and on-line content. In 1995, the American Navy developed something called “onion routing,” an early encryption tool that allowed the sending of private data over public networks. In the following years, many jurisdictions introduced legislation to limit the kinds of content that could be disseminated or viewed on-line. The Communications Decency Act of 1996 (United States) banned the posting of anything indecent or offensive. In 1998, four years after the internet arrived in China, the Chinese government launched the “Great Firewall of China,” an internet censorship program designed to block access to foreign websites and information.
The first paragraph of the article performs a specific function. What is it?
From communication to entertainment to easy access of information, the internet has become an integral part of daily life for billions of people worldwide. In the last 20 years, internet usage has increased more than 1000%, simplifying tasks in personal, social, and economic domains. Instantaneous access to limitless amounts of news and information, though convenient, is also cause for debate. As in the past, when certain books, plays, TV, films and radio were restricted in order to protect the public from offensive or objectionable content, the internet is currently the subject of censorship.
The second paragraph of the article performs a specific function. What is it?
Internet censorship is the restriction of what can be published or viewed on-line. Not only does censorship seek to protect citizens from harmful or sensitive content, such as child pornography or graphic violence, it also aims to protect copyrighted information, promote specific political views, control internet-related crime, and monitor the varying ideas and opinions of the vast number of internet users. The degree to which internet content is monitored and suppressed varies from country to country. While most democratic countries have some degree of on-line censorship, dictatorial and repressive regimes often go so far as to block information that runs counter to the ideals of the regime.
According to the speaker, rhetoric is dead.