Direct violence 

Structural violence 

Cultural violence

Law enforcement agencies 

Media organizations

Family support groups 

Local community leaders 

Focuses on establishing dialogue between conflict parties in order to achieve reconciliation, forgiveness and the building of trust.  

Focuses on the parties in a conflict, and especially the individuals directly involved in conflict who often suffer trauma and develop resentment and hatred towards the other. They have to heal in order to make peaceful life in community possible again. 

Focuses on cultural, political and economic conditions and grievances, which are often root causes of conflicts and might appear in exclusion and marginalization.  

Young people need to be embedded in their communities and efforts have to be made in order to secure their future perspectives and increase their resilience.

All mechanisms of DDR have to be examined in terms of their impacts on young people.

Member states are urged to include youth in their mechanisms to protect civilians.

The UN and its member states need to cooperate with organizations and civil society for a comprehensive approach.

Youth should have a say in decision-making. States’ governments need to start treating them as agents in peacebuilding.