system calls are never called from assembly code

system calls parameters are sometimes passed using registers

system calls are sometimes implemented in assembly code

system calls are never implemented in assembly code

system calls are sometimes called from assembly code

system calls are specific functions called by function number

system calls are always called from assembly code

system calls are always implemented in assembly code

system calls are regular functions called by function pointer

system calls parameters are never passed using registers

static memory

virtual memory with contiguous physical addresses

temporary memory

dynamic memory

out-of-order memory

read-only memory

peripheral memory

virtual memory with contiguous virtual addresses

when data is read from disk

when a process is waiting for a resource

when a process is running

when the root user is logged in the system

when a process owns a lock

when data is written to disk

in interrupt top-halves

when a user is logged in the system

A bigger structure for processes and a smaller structure for threads

A unique structure for both of them

A bigger structure for threads and a smaller structure for processes

Processes and threads have no representation in the Linux kernel

Their structures are multiples since they depend on the scheduler used

Two different structures, the thread structure being a subclass of the process structure

Two different structures, the thread structure and the process structure being subclasses of a task structure

spinlocks

mutexes

atomics

semaphores

tasklets

booleans

top-halves

futexes

Each kernel process has a separate memory space from other kernel processes

All processes share the same memory space

All kernel processes have the same priority

All users share the same memory space

All user-space processes have the same priority

A failure of one process in user-space might cause the whole system to fail

All users have root access on the system

All services are implemented in user-space

A failure of one process in kernelspace might cause the whole system to fail

All services are implemented in the kernel

with semaphores

with mutexes

with signals

with clock wheel

with interrupts

with hardware events

with high resolution timers

with high precision event timers (HPET)

date

clock_gettime

gettimeofday

it depends on the hardware clock

ntfs (Windows)

fat (MSDOS)

minix

btrfs

xfs

smb

nfs

ext4