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CHM1011 - Chemistry I - S1 2025
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The anode is ...
You will be making a buffer with the weak acid nitrous acid (HNO2). Which of the solutions will you use to make its conjugate base?
What is the oxidation number of the underlined element below:
PbCrO4
True or False:
If the weak acid used in a buffer has pKa value of 4.37, the buffer's effective pH range is 3.37-5.37.
Conclusion
You should finish your report with a short statement commenting on what was achieved, and what the final numerical result/s were. Think of it as a spoiler for your whole lab report! Your conclusion should answer all parts of the aim. Don’t forget – there were two parts to this experiment.
For example:
If the aim is: Determine the concentration of Vitamin C in a fruit juice via a redox titration against N-bromosuccinimide.
The conclusion might be: Berri orange juice (2000 μL aliquots, in triplicate) was titrated against a 0.104 M solution of N-bromosuccinimide. The concentration of Vitamin C in the fruit juice was determined to be 55.0 mg/L.
Discussion
This is where you discuss and give meaning to the results. You should also detail any experimental errors and make any other relevant comments about the experiment. Include possible improvements. Ensure you are not re-stating the method.
Discussion points to consider: (Note: The points below are not intended as questions! They are here to give guidance on what to include in your discussion. Do not simply list answers - incorporate them into a full discussion.)
- What do the equivalence points correspond to for all titrations, with respect to the actual chemical species present in the solution?
- What are the dominant chemical species at the various points within the titrations?
- Do the titration graphs have the correct shape? Discuss any anomalies.
- Compare the pKas with the pH at the 1st equivalence point. What do you notice?
- How well do the pKas match the literature values? What could any differences be due to?
- What factors may have affected the final results? What are some sources of error that may have been encountered, and how would they have impacted on the results?
Discussion marking rubric:
| 0 | 1 | 2 |
Relates results to aims. | Interpretation of results not related back to original experimental aims. | Results partially related back to original experimental aims. | Key results interpreted in relation to experimental aims. |
Discussion and interpretation of results. | No interpretation or comparison of results is made. No discussion points are addressed. | Some interpretation or comparison of results is made. Some discussion points are addressed. | Key findings are summarised. Results are interpreted. Results are compared to expected/predicted values. All discussion points are addressed. |
Actual data used to validate statements. | No experimental data used to justify scientific statements/claims. Multiple scientific errors are present. | Some experimental data used to justify scientific statements/claims. Some scientific errors are present. | Experimental data used to justify all scientific statements/claims. The science is correct. |
Factors affecting results discussed. | No errors were raised or were only non-scientific/experimental errors raised. | Only some errors raised or several non-scientific/experimental errors were raised. The impact of the errors was not discussed. | Multiple errors/factors are raised and are scientific/experimental in nature (i.e. NOT human error). The impact of the errors was discussed. |
Writing Style | Many grammatical/spelling/scientific writing errors were noted, and/or discussion was over 300 words in length. | Some grammatical/spelling/scientific writing errors were noted. | The discussion was free of grammatical and spelling errors, was written in the past tense, used full sentences and a passive voice, and was within 300 words. |
Word limit: 300 (± 10%) words.
For guidance on writing a meaningful discussion, please refer to the following resources:
- SoC: Undergraduate Student Handbook
- RLO: Writing a Science Lab Report
- RLO: Writing for Assignments
Drawing Questions
In the following drawing questions, we are asking you to consider the acid-base chemical reaction performed in Section 2.2 at three critical stages:
- The aliquot before any titrant has been added to the solution.
- The equivalence point.
- Several drops beyond the equivalence point.
Match each diagram with the appropriate label.
Note: If the images are not displaying properly for you, please right-click on the image and select 'Open image in new tab'.
Calculations
The following acid-base titration curve shows the titration of a 15.13 mL aliquot of a weak monoprotic acid with a 0.1578 M solution of a strong monobasic base. Calculate the concentration of the weak acid in mol L-1.