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BIO1011 - Blueprints for Life - Clayton S1 2025

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The following steps are involved in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis. Put the following steps in the correct chronological order

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Which of the following statements best outlines the telomere attrition theory

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There are two different phenotypes of a moth species, black and light grey, which are predated upon by birds. The more recently evolved black colour, is the dominant allele, B, while the recessive allele, b gives a light grey colour.

Reduced pollution in the area has turned the trees (where the moths live) lighter. Which moth genotype(s) would be favoured by this change?

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There are two different phenotypes of a moth species, black and light grey. The more recently evolved black colour, is the dominant allele, B, while the recessive allele, b gives a light grey colour.

The allele frequencies for the observed population genotype frequencies are as follows: 

# BB: 170

# Bb: 380

# bb: 163

What is the population allele frequency of the B allele?

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Next Generation Sequencing involves many short sequencing reads being assembled into large contiguous sequences using computer algorithms. Which of the following types of genomic regions make this process most difficult?

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In the equation for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which symbol(s) refers to the frequency of the recessive homozygotes?

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During Lab 4 you compared the amount of GFP under the control of four different promoters, named Ara𝛃1, Ara𝛃2, Ara𝛃3 and Ara𝛃4. The following diagram (Figure 1) shows a sequence alignment between Ara𝛃2 and the wildtype promoter construct.

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Figure 1:
Alignment between Ara𝛃2 and wildtype promoter constructs. The red boxes identify key sequences necessary for transcription (ie: AraC binding sites and the promoter sequence). Where the wildtype and Ara𝛃2 sequence is identical, a nucleotide base is shown in the consensus sequence. Where there is a difference between the wildtype and the Ara𝛃2 sequence a “+” sign is shown in the consensus sequence.

The table below shows the relative fluorescence of the two strains obtained from Lab 4, the number of plus signs “+” gives an indication of the amount of fluorescence (ie: “+++” showed more fluorescence than “++”. A minus sign “-” indicates no fluorescence was observed).

Induced (supplemented with arabinose)Uninduced (not supplemented with arabinose)
Wildtype+++-
Ara𝛃2 (mutant)++-

Based on the provided alignment of the reporter construct, describe how the phenotype displayed in the above table might be explained through a mutation(s).

In your response, ensure that you discuss:

a) The phenotype observed in the mutant compared to the wildtype in the induced and uninduced conditions (1 mark for each strain).

b) Details of any mutations in either AraC binding sites and/or promoter regions (1 mark for each mutation).

c) How the predicted effect of these above mutations would result in a change in the transcription of the reporter gene (GFP) (1 mark for each mutation).

Combined across parts a, b, and c, your answer should be no longer than 300 words (ie: less than 100 words per part).

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