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PHY2011 - Neuroscience of communication, sensory and control systems - S1 2025

PHY2011 - Neuroscience of communication, sensory and control systems - S1 2025

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Which of the following statements is not true of the endocrine system?

It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body

It influences and is influenced by the nervous system

It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms

All of the choices are true

It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers into the blood

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Hormones of the posterior lobe of the pituitary are synthesized in neuronal cell bodies of the hypothalamus and transported to the pituitary in axonal fluid.

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Regarding the structure and synthesis of hormones,

Most peptide hormones require binding proteins for transport in the blood

Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol

Vasopressin is synthesized in the posterior pituitary

Thyroid hormones are catecholamines

The hormones of the adrenal cortex have the same structure as the neurotransmitters of adrenergic neurons

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In general, steroid hormones bind to receptors on cell membranes, whereas peptide hormones bind to receptors inside of cells.

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An endocrine cell that contains an abundance of granular endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and secretion granules is likely to

Secrete a peptide/protein hormone and secrete by exocytosis

Secrete a peptide/protein hormone

Do all of these things

Secrete in an exocrine manner

Secrete by exocytosis

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Which of the following is matched correctly

zona reticularis-androgens

zona fasciculata-androgens.

zona fasciculata-mineralocorticoids

zona glomerulosa-glucocorticoids.

zona reticularis-glucocorticoids

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The figure below shows an example of one type of chemical synapse. In the ANS this synapse is likely to use as transmitter

Image failed to load: Varicosity

Beta adrenaline

Only nicotinic ACh

ACh or NA

Only muscarinic ACh

Only ACh

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The figure below shows an example of one type of chemical synapse. In this synapse the structure that contains vesicles of transmitter is called

Image failed to load: Varicosity

A Varicosity

An output terminal

A Terminal

A diffuse terminal

A Discrete synapse

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The figure below shows an example of one type of chemical synapse. It is called a

Image failed to load: Varicosity

Chemico-electrical synapse

G protein coupled synapse

Discrete synapse

2nd messenger synapse

Diffuse synapse

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The figure below shows an example of one type of chemical synapse. In the ANS this synapse is found

Image failed to load: Varicosity

At the post-ganglionic synapse

In the CNS

At the ganglion

At the pre-ganglionic synapse

In the pre-synaptic terminals

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