The velocity of each of these reactions:

The image below shows a reaction of substrate (S) to product (P) in the presence or absence of an enzyme.

What does the orange arrow represent?

Which duplex is more stable?

Which duplex is more stable?

Which duplex is more stable?

Shown below are the sequences of two strands that are adjacent to each other in an antiparallel β-sheet.

The strands are labelled “A” and “B” and the amino acids are labelled A1-A2-A3…A8 and B1-B2-B3…B8 so that we can unambiguously refer to each amino acid.

The side chains of amino acids Asp-A3 and Lys-B6 (underlined) form a salt bridge on one face of the β-sheet.

Shown below is a ribbon representation of a protein.

The cellular component proline (one of the 20 common amino acids) is best classified as:

The chemical structure of L-asparagine is shown below.

The functional group circled in red is: 

Which of the following types of cells typically contain a cytoplasm?