A plant builds specialised and intricate leaf structures that do not aid in photosynthesis but attract a particular species of fly to feed on it’s nectar. As the fly moves from plant to plant some pollen that would otherwise be carried by the wind is brought directly to another plant. In this case;

The brilliant Vidorcal parrot is a native to Tasmania. Here it feeds on several different plant species. One particular plant produces sweet tasting fruit to attract the Vidorcal to then spread its seeds. However the parrot will often also eat new leaf sprouts as well as the fruit. This represents what type of interaction?

 Cyanobacteria and lichen often form close associations with each other. Both are capable of photosynthesis however when in association they can provide nutrients to the other assist in growth. This is an example of;

 Nearly all animal species have rich microbiomes that live within their gut. Examining a species of lemur, you note that mutations in one of the bacterial species that reduce the bacterium's fitness also appears to reduce the nutrient absorption of the lemur. This type of interaction is known as?

 Imagine a species of sloth slowly moving through the treetops or Borneo. As it moves small tree ticks collect in it’s fur that drops off when it reaches a new tree. Analysis of the stomach contents of the ticks shows a diet very high in protein. This is most like what type of interaction?

 Some species of wasp are known to paralyse spiders before laying their eggs inside them, providing a source of food for their young once they hatch. This likely demonstrates what form of behaviour from the adult wasp?

 Analysis of a plant species shows that it developed brilliantly coloured red flowers to attract birds, however there is no nutritional value to them. As birds land on the plant to attempt to feed the plant deposits pollen on the legs to be carried away

 Small Histom fish, a predatory species, follow in the wake of dolphins. As the dolphins herd schools of tuna to eat, the Histom fish will eat any of the tuna that happen to escape from the dolphins. This is an example of?

 The burying beetle has a limited food supply (a buried corpse) on which to raise its young. Depending on the size of the corpse, the parents reduce the size of the brood by killing and eating almost half the first stage of larvae. This behaviour is a form of: