An inspector inspects large truckloads of potatoes to determine the proportion p in the shipment with major defects prior to using the potatoes to make potato chips. Unless there is clear evidence that this proportion, p, is less than 0.10, he will reject the shipment. He will test the hypotheses

H0: p = 0.10, Ha: p < 0.10.

He selects an SRS of 100 potatoes from the large number of potatoes on the truck. Suppose that six of the potatoes sampled are found to have major defects.

A 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of potatoes in the truck that have major defects is:

[Hint: you need to decide whether to use the large sample formula or the Plus-four method for confidence intervals]

The RSPCA Australia conducted a survey of veterinary clinics to estimate the proportion that do not treat large animals (cows, horses, etc.). The survey was mailed to a random sample of 150 veterinary clinics registered with the RSPCA throughout the country. A total of 120 veterinary clinics replied and of these, 88 responded that they do not treat large animals.

In 1965, about 44% of the Australian adult population had never smoked cigarettes. A national health survey of 1205 Australian adults (presumably selected randomly) during 2006 revealed that 615 had never smoked cigarettes.

The RSPCA Australia conducted a survey of veterinary clinics to estimate the proportion that do not treat large animals (cows, horses, etc.). The survey was mailed to a random sample of 150 veterinary clinics registered with the RSPCA throughout the country. A total of 120 veterinary clinics replied and of these, 88 responded that they do not treat large animals.

The standard error SE of the sample proportion of clinics that do not treat large animals, is

Each person in a random sample of 1100 “likely voters” (as defined by a professional polling organisation) was questioned about his or her political views. Of those surveyed, 708 felt that “the economy's state” was the most urgent national concern.

The sample proportion that felt the economy's state was the most urgent national concern is

A TV news program conducts a call-in poll about a proposed city ban on smoking in public places. Of the 2467 callers, 1900 were opposed to the ban. Which of the following statements are true with respect to using this sample to estimate p, the proportion of all TV news viewers that favour such a ban on smoking in public places?

I read an article about a new drug which stated that "the incidence of side effects was similar to placebo, P-value > 0.05". I want to know if the results are significant at α = 10%. With the information given:

An inspector inspects large truckloads of potatoes to determine the proportion p in the shipment with major defects prior to using the potatoes to make potato chips. Unless there is clear evidence that this proportion, p, is less than 0.10, the shipment will be rejected. The inspector proposes to test the hypotheses 

H0: p = 0.10, Ha: p < 0.10.

An SRS of 100 potatoes from the over 2000 potatoes on the truck was selected. Suppose that six of the potatoes sampled are found to have major defects.

The P-value of this test is:

According to the Australian Government Department of Health, 41% of college students nationwide engage in “binge drinking” behaviour, having five or more drinks in one occasion during the past two weeks. The president of a prestigious college wonders if the proportion of students enrolled at the college that binge drink is actually lower than the national proportion. In a commissioned study, 348 students are selected randomly from a list of all students enrolled at the college. Of these, 132 admitted to having engaged in binge drinking.

The study proposes to test the hypotheses H0: p = 0.41, Ha: p < 0.41.

The P-value for this study is

An inspector inspects large truckloads of potatoes to determine the proportion p in the shipment with major defects prior to using the potatoes to make potato chips. A particular shipment will be rejected if 10% or more of the potatoes in that shipment have major defects. An SRS of 100 potatoes from the over 2000 potatoes on the truck was selected. Suppose that six of the potatoes sampled are found to have major defects.

Which of the following are the appropriate hypotheses of a test of significance for the proportion?