The ductility is 0.4

An initial stress of 60 MPa will yield the material

Necking commences at strains between 0.15 and 0.20 

An initial stress of 60 MPa will yield the material and will cause uniform elongation

Polystyrene and polyethylene are consistent with structures (a) and (b) respectively

The rubber found in a car tyre is best represented by structure (b)

Structure (b) can be used above its glass transition temperature

Structures (a) and (b) will not flow when heated

the crystal increase the amount of covalent crosslinks

the crystals act as crosslinks and maintain a high modulus above the T_g

the amorphous regions stay frozen in above the glass transition

The bond energy is approximately 150 kJ/mol

Increasing the temperature of the atoms will not change the interatomic distance

The equilibrium bond distance is 7 angstroms

The equilibrium bond distance at an energy of 0 kJ/mol is approximately 2.4 angstroms

Allows ionic bonding with the silicon atoms

Makes the silica glass more crystalline

Disrupts the packing of the Si-O bonds

Increases the performace of silica glass by raising the melting point

HDPE is generally more contaminated compared to PET

PET will not degrade as much as HDPE when reprocessing using secondary recycling.

PET is easily recognisable and there is processing infrastructure in place, unlike HDPE

PET can typically be secondary recycled using 100% recycled product

quenching

tempering

sintering

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HDPE

LDPE

PP

PET

HDPE

PP

PET