Soaking plant material in a mixture of alcohol and water.

Boiling plant material in water for an extended period of time.

Heating plant material with a solvent to extract the active compounds.

Soaking plant material in cold water for an extended period of time.

O-glycosides

C-glycosides

N-glycosides

S-glycosides

They are also known as volatile oils.

They are produced in specialized cells or glands of the plant.

They have a strong aroma and taste

They are only found in fruits and flowers of the plant.

Primary metabolites are water-soluble, while secondary metabolites are lipid-soluble.

Primary metabolites are involved in the plant's growth and development, while secondary metabolites are produced for defense against predators.

Primary metabolites are synthesized in specialized plant tissues, while secondary metabolites are produced in all plant tissues.

Primary metabolites are produced in response to environmental stress, while secondary metabolites are involved in photosynthesis.

It is an irritant stimulant

active constituents are tannins

leaves are the part used

contraindicated with stenosis of the esophagus 

Calendula

Garlic

Ginger

Yarrow with Mentha

gives the characteristic odor for each plant.

They are organic compounds of complex structure predominantly composed of terpenes.

Soluble in organic solvents.

occur mainly in seeds where they may replace the carbohydrates as a reserve food material. 

D

A

C

B

Fats

volatile oil

proteins

carbohydrates

arbutin

apiol

proximadiol