The United Kingdom (officially, the 'United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland') is legally the union of different countries, with a certain degree of autonomy -- the UK Parliament is in England, but the three other countries (Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland) have their own devolved Parliament. Following Brexit, which countries are likely (though this remains largely uncertain) to claim their independence from the UK and possibly break the union in the coming years?

As of January 2017 (several months after the referendum), what was the situation of the United Kingdom regarding the European Union?

The UK is now out of the European Single Market. In principle, as of April 2025, the UK and France can now put tariffs on each other exports

What were the main motives invoked by Brexiters during the referendum in 2016?

Who is the Prime Minister who organised the Brexit referendum in 2016?

The United Kingdom has left the European Single Market, and does not have to respect the four freedoms anymore. Knowing that we should expect lower migration flows from the EU to the UK:

The UK is now out of the European Single Market and is not supported any more by the common agricultural policy. Everything else being equal, and knowing that the UK is a net importer of agricultural goods, we can expect food prices in the UK

A key issue in the negotiation of the Withdrawal agreement is the situation of Northern Ireland. Suppose that the UK chooses to respect both the Common Travel Area and the Good Friday Agreement. Under those circumstances:

The traditional "economic" argument against EU integration (which fuels euroscepticism) is:

The traditional "economic" argument against EU integration (which fuels euroscepticism) is: