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oligocythemic hypervolemia

) normocythemic hypovolemia

oligocythemic normovolemia

Filtration disorders in the kidneys can be assessed by

selective proteinuria

aminaciduria

leukocyturia

glucosuria

Indicate the prerenal factors causing acute kidney injury

crash syndrome

mercury poisoning

acute pyelonephritis

acute glomerulonephritis

The main pathogenetic factor of oligo-anuria in acute kidney injury is

obstruction of the renal tubules by casts

increased glomerular filtration rate

decreased renin synthesis by the kidneys

increased effective filtration pressure

Specify the pathological components of urine associated with renal damage

ketone bodies

protein in large amount

conjugated bilirubin

bile acids

Indicate the manifestation of glomeruli damage

impaired kidneys concentrating mechanism

impaired excretion of hydrogen ions

decreased glomerular filtration rate

impaired sodium reabsorption

Specify skin symptoms that may occur in patients with liver disease

acrocyanosis

jaundice

hyperpigmentation of the palms

pallor

The cause of portal hypertension is

hypovolemia

portocaval shunting

left ventricular heart failure

cirrhosis of the liver

The main link in the pathogenesis of posthepatic jaundice is

increased hemolysis of red blood cells

damage to hepatocytes

impaired conjugation of bilirubin in hepatocytes

violation of the bile outflow

Indicate the mechanism of steatorrhea during obstructive jaundice

activation of pancreatic lipase

activation of lipolysis

primary malabsorption

impaired absorption of fats in the intestine