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IN1002 Introduction to Algorithms (PRD2 A 2024/25)

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What is the time complexity of a method that finds the largest value in an array of size n by examining each element?

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What is the principal disadvantage of quicksort?

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What is the maximum number of keys that will be examined in a single binary search of an ordered array of 25,000,000 elements?

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Recall binary search:

BinarySearch(a[0..n-1], k)

lo ← 0

hi ← n-1

WHILE lo < hi

        mid ← (lo+hi) DIV 2

        IF a[mid] = k

                RETURN mid

        IF a[mid] < k

                lo ← mid+1

        IF a[mid] > k

                hi ← mid-1

RETURN -1;

where DIV is division discarding any remainder to return a whole number.

 

Given the following array:

 

01234567891011121314
BCFGJKMNPQSTUWY

 

How many values in the array will be examined in a binary search for the key K?

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What is the space complexity of merge sort (excluding the array being sorted)?
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What is the worst-case time complexity of merge sort?

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Recall merge sort:

Sort(a[0..n-1])

RETURN MergeSort(a, 0, n-1)

MergeSort(a, lo, hi)

IF lo >= hi

        RETURN a[lo..hi]

mid ← (lo + hi + 1) DIV 2

l ← MergeSort(a, lo, mid-1)

r ← MergeSort(a, mid, hi)

RETURN Merge(l, r)

where DIV is division discarding any remainder to return a whole number.

Merge(l[0..q-1], r[0..s-1])

m ← a new array of length q+s

i ← 0

j ← 0

WHILE i < q OR j < s

        IF i < q AND (j = s OR l[i] <= r[j])

                m[i+j] ← l[i]

                i ← i+1

        ELSE

                m[i+j] ← r[j]

                j ← j+1

RETURN m

 

Consider a merge sort of the following array:

0123456789
1712827184699143

 

What values will be assigned to the variables l and r in the outermost call of MergeSort?

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What is the space complexity of selection sort (excluding the array being sorted)?

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What is the worst-case time complexity of selection sort?

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Recall selection sort:

SelectionSort(a[0..n-1])

i ← 0

WHILE i < n-1

        min ← i

        j ← i+1

        WHILE j < n

                IF a[j] < a[min]

                        min ← j

                j = j + 1

        swap the elements of a at positions i and min

        i ← i + 1

 

Consider a selection sort of the following array:

 

01234567891011
LEXICOGRAPHY

 

What is the state of the array at the end of the third iteration of the outer loop?

 

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