Presently, the cities of New York and Philadephia, Pennsylvania dump their sewage sludge offshore into the Atlantic Ocean.

Bacteria can 'bioremediate' oil spills without any negative impacts.

A typical oxygen (O₂) concentration in the ocean is 8-9 ppm.

Biomagnification is the process where pollutants in organisms become more concentrated as you go down the food chain.

Upwelling ocean waters are nutrient- and dissolved-gas poor because at depth, phytoplankton to consume these compounds.

Ocean color can be used to determine how much chlorophyll is present in ocean water.

Plankton are any organism that drifts with the ocean currents.

Carolus Linnaeus created a system to classify all lifeforms into a relationship-based system in 1758.

'Ghost fishing' involves any lost or discarded fishing gear still capable of catching fish.

The Exxon Valdez crude oil spill in Alaska is the largest oil spill ever.