it is a passive form of learning.

it is an elaborate way to learn information.

you should also be using a highlighter to identify important material.

it encourages deep processing.

mnemonics are particularly difficult to remember when specific information is being tested.

using a mnemonic involves a trade-off, with less attention spent looking for memory connections that can help you understand the material.

the recall of all items by mnemonics is slow.

mnemonics work only when remembering up to seven items.

disfavored

picked

chosen

privileged

Two neurons, one representing Neil Armstrong and one representing astronaut, are connected via a synaptic junction.

Two nodes, one representing Neil Armstrong and one representing astronaut, are in proximity to one another.

Patterns of connections among many nodes separately represent Neil Armstrong and astronaut, and through learning these patterns have become linked to each other.

A single node representing Neil Armstrong is connected via a proposition to the word “astronaut.”

the ability to identify objects from specific categories, like fruit or cars.

knowledge of specific categories, like living things.

the ability to make some kinds of judgments about concepts.

general knowledge across multiple concepts.

there are only some types of differences between a prototype and a new case that actually matter, and color is not one of them.

the use of information about cause and effect is necessary when comparing a new case to an existing prototype (or set of exemplars).

to decide whether a new, slightly different case is a member of a category, we need to decide which differences from the prototype (or existing exemplars) are likely to matter.

surface differences, like color, can be sufficient to exclude a new case from a category.

basic-level categories.

embodied knowledge.

instructions from the court.

typicality.

prototypes, exemplars, and beliefs.

exemplars and beliefs, but few prototypes.

prototypes, but very few exemplars.

broad beliefs about the world, but few prototypes or exemplars.