It was the first time that intellectuals and philosophers discussed the topic of European unity.

It aimed to immediately establish a single currency and fully harmonised economic policies across all participating nations.

It relied primarily on the leadership of powerful emperors and kings to enforce unity across the continent.

It represented the first unification achieved without military force, leading to over 70 years of peace among its Member States.

The goal was to establish an immediate and comprehensive federal state across all of Europe.

Coal and steel were the only industries not destroyed during World War II, making them easy to revive.

It represented a limited objective in a clearly defined area, serving as a pragmatic testing ground for joint decision-making that could be extended step by step

The primary aim was to create a military alliance that could confront the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

Whether football clubs can sign players under the age of 18

Whether arbitration awards by Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) can be reviewed by national courts for consistency with EU law

Whether Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA) can regulate player transfers between clubs

Whether Belgian courts have jurisdiction over Swiss companies

Request permission from the Fédération internationale de football association (FIFA)

Disapply those rules

Transfer the case to the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) 

Refer the matter to the European Parliament

Principle of proportionality, which provides that the EU measures must be suitable and necessary to achieve the desired end, and must not impose a burden on the individual that is excessive in relation to the objective sought to be achieved

Principle of mutual recognition of goods, which ensures market access for goods that are not, or are only partly subject to EU harmonisation legislation

Principle of res judicata: a case that has been decided by a court of competent jurisdiction, cannot be subject to re-litigation by the same parties

Principle of subsidiarity, which rules out Union intervention when an issue can be dealt with effectively by Member States themselves at central, regional or local level