Predators are physiologically more vulnerable to toxins

Predators are more active than prey and so more likely to encounter pollutants

The predators have a higher food intake so ingest more pollutants

The pollutants are not metabolised and so become concentrated at the ends of food chains

Predators have a higher metabolic rate and so are more affected by pollutants

tropical rain forest

desert

tundra

temperate grassland

coniferous forest

desert

freshwater

grassland

rain forest

marine

The increase in body fat in small birds when their predators die out

The shift in biomes with climate change

The location of competing species of barnacle on rocky shores

The population cycles of lynx and snowshoe hares

The variation in beak sizes in Galapagos finches

region that receives abundant sunlight

region where phytoplankton are found

substrate at the bottom of the body of water

region that receives little or no light

region that is flooded at high tide and not covered by water at low tide