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CA & OS (Computer Architecture) - EFREI - Fall 2026
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Theoretical speedup
What is the theoretical speedup value for infinite sequence of integer instructions for MIPS processor?
Observation of the pipelined execution of a simple program
In this section you will try to evaluate the impact of the pipelined execution of the program on its performance.
Prepare and load the test program (copy & paste following code): .dataA: .word 10B: .word 8C: .word 0 .textmain: ld r4,A(r0) ld r5,B(r0) dadd r3,r4,r5 sd r3,C(r0) halt
In menu “Configure” check and enable the option “Enable forwarding”.
Execute the program in single cycle instruction mode. Observe the pipeline window and the clock cycle diagram.
What is the number of clock cycles (n) used for the execution of this program that appears in the "Statistic" window.
Sequental execution
Assuming that the execution of each instruction of the program from previous question takes 5 clock cycles (IF, ID, EX, Mem, WB), calculate manually the nsequential value which is number of clock cycles required to execute that program sequentially (only one instruction is executed at the time).
Put the calculated nsequential value in the answer box below.
Calculating nMODsequential value
Manually calculate the number of clock cycles required for sequential execution of modified program (nMODsequential). Write your answer in the box below. You will use this value in next question to determine the efficiency of pipelined instruction execution.
What happens to the speedup value when a program with more instructions is executed?
Speedup value for modified (longer) program.
Calculate speedup value for modified program.
speedupMOD = nMODsequential / nMOD
Put calculated speedup value in aswer box.
Calculating speedup value
speedup=nsequential/n
Put the calculated value into the answer box.
Extending the program
Insert another 9 (nine) dadd r3,r4,r5 instructions just after first dadd instruction of the sample program. After this you should have a total ten dadd r3,r4,r5 instructions in your program. Execute modified program.
Write down into the box below the nMOD value which is the number of the clock cycles used for the execution of modified program. Be sure that forwarding mechanism is active (Configure->Enable forwarding option is active)
In this section, you will evaluate how long it takes to execute different types of the instructions of the MIPS computer.
Number of clock cycles for dadd instruction (integer addition)
Load and execute in step mode following program:
main: dadd r1,r0,r1 ; r1 = r0+r1 halt .text nop
As a result of the execution you should receive clock cycle diagram of the execution similar to this on the image:
Analyze this clock cycle diagram of execution of the program and answer the question: How many clock cycles does the execution of the instruction dadd r1,r0,r1 take (each box in clock cycle diagram represents one clock tick )?
In this section, you will evaluate how long it takes to execute different types of the instructions of the MIPS computer.
Number of clock cycles for dadd instruction (integer addition)
Load and execute in step mode following program:
main: dadd r1,r0,r1 ; r1 = r0+r1 halt .text nop
As a result of the execution you should receive clock cycle diagram of the execution similar to this on the image:
Analyze this clock cycle diagram of execution of the program and answer the question: How many clock cycles does the execution of the instruction dadd r1,r0,r1 take (each box in clock cycle diagram represents one clock tick )?