Engineering stress is defined as the load divided by the original cross-sectional area of the specimen.

During tensile tests, when stress is removed, the elastic strain component is recovered while the plastic deformation remains as permanent strain. What is the term used to describe the partial return of a material to its original shape after loading beyond its yield point as shown in the graph above?

Among the five steps for ductile fracture: fracture, crack formation, necking, cavity formation, crack propagation, what is the second step?

Bonus problem 2: Write the “exact” titles of the following chapter.

Chapter 8-

When two atoms are separated by their equilibrium distance, the net potential energy, namely the sum of repulsive energy and attractive energy, is minimum.

The Burgers vector of an edge dislocation is perpendicular to the dislocation line.

What is the material property that describes the area of the linear portion of the stress-strain curve?

The two important parameters in the creep curve include the steady-state creep rate and the rupture time. In designing materials for long-term applications such as nuclear power plant reactor, the most important parameter to consider in the creep curve is the rupture time, rather than the steady-state creep rate.

Fatigue is a failure mode that occurs via time-dependent deformation under a static load.

What is the material property that describes (e) in the graph?