The energy gap between the

conduction band and the valence band

The energy gap between the

Fermi level and the valence band

The energy gap between the

conduction band and the Fermi level

A vacuum separating the P and

N zones of a semiconductor

A vacuum separating + charges

from - charges

The random collective motion of charges in an electric field 

The collective motion of charges to equilibrate their kinetic energy 

A motion of all particles in a single direction

A motion of all particles in every directions as well

The motion of individual particles in every directions, which leads to a collective motion in one direction  

In the direction of the

electric field, from + to –

From the area with the highest

concentration of holes to the area with the lowest concentration of holes

From the most

electron-concentrated zone to the least electron-concentrated zone

They don't move, the dopants

do

In the opposite direction to

the electric field, from + to -.

In the direction of the

electric field, from + to –

In the opposite direction to

the electric field, from - to +.

The direction of movement does

not depend on the electric field

In the opposite direction of

the electric field, from + to -.

In the direction of the

electric field, from - to +.

1 A.m^-2

10² A.m^-2

0.1 mA.m^-2

1 mA.m^-2

1 uA.m^-2

1,8 x 10^-19 J

1,2 J

1,6 x 10^-19 J

1,2 x 10^-19 J

1,12 x 10^-19 J

1 V.m^-1

50 V.m^-1

200 V.m^-1

100 V.m^-1

du germanium

de l'azote

du carbone

de l'arsenic

de l'aluminium