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Практичний курс англійської мови (КЛ-113) Викладач: Чехолка Ю.В.
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Listen to a conversation about a baking programme on television. Number the topics (A–E) in the order they are mentioned.
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4 Helena didn’t expect
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5 Paul didn’t use to
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3 Jason felt guilty about
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2 Charlotte and Matthew
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Listen to an extract from a talk about teaching and choose the correct option.
1 Max mentions that
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Listen to five speakers discussing how their friendships have changed since childhood. Match the speakers (1–5) with the statements (a–e).
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Read an interview with the manager of a retail cooperative. Match the interview questions (A–E) with the paragraphs (1–5).
The Bicycle Cooperative Saul Bryant interviews Tania Stevenson about how cooperation has helped the UK’s independent bicycle shops. 1We’re a retail cooperative, which means our members own independent bicycle shops across the country. In a workers’ cooperative, a company’s employees are members of the cooperative, so they have a say in the running of the company. They can decide their own conditions of employment, choose the directors, and set company policies. While some of our members are workers’ cooperatives, they don’t have to be. Instead, our role is to give more power to bike-shop owners who might otherwise struggle to compete with bigger companies. Our members are retailers who know bicycles inside and out, and our mission is to help them fulfil their potential in a very competitive market. 2The story started in the 1980s with two bike-shop owners from the southwest of England. They both had long-established bicycle shops in the same city, but when a large bicycle superstore opened, they both found it hard to compete. Although they could offer a better service, they couldn’t match the superstore’s prices. Finding themselves on the edge of bankruptcy, they decided to form an alliance. They found that by working together, they could negotiate better prices from manufacturers and share their knowledge of the local market. At that point, it was just a simple collaboration in order to help their shops survive. However, when other shop owners were invited to join them, the cooperative became a much more professional organisation. 3 They’re experts in recommending the most suitable bikes to their customers and helping to maintain them. They’re far more knowledgeable than the average salesperson in a bicycle superstore and they offer a service you don’t get if you buy a bike online. They know which bikes are the best value for money and which parts are the most reliable. One of the advantages of joining our cooperative is that independent retailers can also share that knowledge with each other. There are regular online workshops given by our members on topics like bike maintenance and our annual conference brings members together to discuss the latest developments in bicycle technology. 4 One of the main benefits, which I’ve already mentioned, is that we can negotiate better prices for bicycles and parts from wholesalers. Traditionally, this is what has given the competitive edge to the bigger retailers. However, the sheer size of our cooperative means our members have a better chance of competing with them. Similarly, we offer a range of business services, which help our members improve their efficiency. One example is marketing. It’s so essential to the success of a business, but it can be costly, so shop owners try to manage it themselves. Yet, due to a lack of expertise, their marketing campaigns are frequently ineffective. The cooperative has solved this problem by having a professional marketing department, which does the work for them. We’ve carried out many successful campaigns which have led to increased sales for our members. 5 The most important thing we do is help local businesses be profitable and competitive. Over the last few decades, towns and cities have seen local shops closing down at a rapid rate. However, we believe they have a key role to play in the local economy because they create jobs and income for local people. Not only that, but they draw customers into the area, which helps other businesses. Apart from that, we have forged partnerships with several not-for-profit cycling organisations involved in improving health and the environment. Many of our members are passionate about both of those things, and, through our network of stores, we’ve helped these organisations raise awareness of events and campaigns to get people onto bikes.View this question
Read the text about Britain’s largest private home. Number the topics (A–E) in the order they are mentioned.
A History of Transformation: Wentworth Woodhouse Despite being the largest private residence in the UK, many are unaware of the existence of Wentworth Woodhouse, situated in the village of Wentworth in South Yorkshire. Nevertheless, it has been visited by presidents, kings and queens, and has featured in films and TV series, including ‘Downton Abbey’. At 600 feet long, the eastern façade, or front, of the house is twice as long as that of Buckingham Palace. There are so many rooms and corridors that it would take a visitor several hours to complete a tour of the entire house. It has been modernised several times in its nearly five-hundred-year history, and it is currently undergoing another transformation expected to last twenty years. The house takes its name from two families which owned the surrounding land in the 1300s. A marriage between the Wentworth and Woodhouse families resulted in the founding of the Wentworth Woodhouse estate. At that point, a far smaller property occupied the space where woodland had once been. It remained unchanged for three hundred years. It was in the 17th century, when the family had acquired more wealth and power, that Wentworth Woodhouse was built. Although it was nowhere near as big as the current construction, the house was still large enough to accommodate more than sixty people. Unfortunately, there are no surviving illustrations of the property, but some of the original features can still be appreciated, including gates and doorways. In 1724, the house was inherited by Thomas Watson-Wentworth and was completely reconstructed. Architectural tastes had changed since the construction of the original house, which explains Watson-Wentworth’s decision to modernise it. The project would take twenty-five years and the equivalent of millions of pounds in today’s money. At first, building work started on the west-facing side of the house, but the architectural style was disliked by people with political power. Shortly afterwards, work began on the east-facing side, using a completely different style influenced by Greek and Roman architecture. It featured marble columns and pillars and a huge ballroom used for entertaining guests. While this side of the house was used for receiving the rich and powerful, the west-facing side was where the family would have spent most of their time. In the 1780s, Wentworth Woodhouse was inherited by a member of the Fitzwilliam family, which owned it until the 1980s. The family had made a lot of money from coal mining and the discovery of coal on the Wentworth Woodhouse estate added to their wealth. However, in the late 1940s, the British government decided to take control of coal-mining operations across the country. This included the area around the estate and, rather unbelievably, the decision was taken to expand the open coal mine to the edges of the house. Despite the historical and architectural importance of the building, the private gardens were demolished and huge piles of mud and coal waste blocked light to the property. Apart from the damage, the family also experienced a loss of income as they no longer earned money from mining. A house the size of Wentworth Woodhouse was extremely expensive to maintain, especially without the income from mining. During the 1980s, parts of the estate were refurbished for use by a university, which helped cover some of the costs of maintenance. Nevertheless, by the time the university stopped using the estate in 1989, Wentworth Woodhouse was already beginning to fall apart. Anyone visiting the house at that time would have seen leaking roofs and peeling paint on the walls. Although various private investors bought the property with the intention of restoring it, little work had been carried out until 2016 when it was bought by Wentworth Woodhouse Preservation Trust. The aim of the group is to protect and restore the estate and, with the help of government money, the public will be able to enjoy this remarkable British house.View this question
Complete the conversations with the words and phrases below.
Conversation 1- blown away
- catch me
- ’d sooner
- get an adrenalin rush
- no way
- effective
- initiative
- perks
- turnover
- waste of time
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