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24-25 CS1840/CS2841: Internet Services

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Choose the statement that best describes the purpose of the HTML table element.

A block-level element that divides or sections off other content.

Defines a hyperlink.

Defines an HTML table.

100%

Creates an ordered list.

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Assuming that the variable element refers to the DOM node representing a paragraph in an HTML document, which of the following options demonstrates correct use of the DOM API to change its background colour to grey?

element.style.background-color = "grey"

element.modifyStyle("background-color", "grey")

element.style.backgroundColor = "grey"

100%

element.updateCSS("backgroundColor", "grey")

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Consider the following DTD (Document Type Definition) schema rules.


        <!ELEMENT customer (#PCDATA)>
        <!ELEMENT item (#PCDATA)>

Along with these, which of the DTD schema rules below correctly defines an XML order element that may contain any number of item elements, but must always contain a customer element?

<!ELEMENT order (customer | item*)>

<!ELEMENT order (customer?, item*)>

<!ELEMENT order (customer, item*)>

100%

<!ELEMENT order (customer, item?)>

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Consider the following JavaScript code.


        let y = 10;
        while (y > 1) {
        console.log("Looping...");
        y = y - 2;
        }

How many times will the text “Looping...” be output to the console when the code is executed?

100%

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What is the effect of executing the following JavaScript code?


        let box = document.getElementById("box");
        btn.addEventListener("mouseover", function() {
        console.log("Mouse is over the box!");
        });

When the user moves the mouse over the element with ID “box”, the message “Mouse is over the box!” is output to the console

100%

The message “Mouse is over the box!” is output to the console when the user clicks the element with ID “box”

The message “Mouse is over the box!” is displayed in an alert pop-up dialog every time the mouse hovers over the element with ID “box”

Nothing: the event handler will only by called if “mouseover” is replaced by “onmouseover”

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Choose the statement that best describes the purpose of the HTML dl element.

To define a description list.

100%

To create a numbered list.

To create a bullet point list.

To create a link to a download.

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Consider the following DTD (Document Type Definition) schema.


        <!ELEMENT employees (employee+)>
        <!ELEMENT employee (name, department, salary)>
        <!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
        <!ELEMENT department (#PCDATA)>
        <!ELEMENT salary (#PCDATA)>

Which of the following XML documents is valid with respect to this schema?


      	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <employees>
        <employee>
        <name>John</name>
        <department>HR</department>
        <salary>50000</salary>
        </employee>
        <employee>
        <name>Jane</name>
        <department>IT</department>
        <salary>60000</salary>
        </employee>
        </employees>

100%


      	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <employees>
        <employee>
        <name>Robert</name>
        <department>Finance</department>
        <salary>70000</salary>
        </employee>
        <manager>
        <name>Anna</name>
        <department>Compliance</department>
        <salary>75000</salary>
        </manager>
        </employees>


      	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <employee>
        <name>Alex</name>
        <department>Recruitment</department>
        <salary>45000</salary>
        </employee>
        <employee>
        <name>Zoe</name>
        <department>R&D</department>
        <salary>55000</salary>
        </employee>


      	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
        <employees>
        <employee>
        <name>Angela</name>
        <department>Sales</department>
        <salary>55000</salary>
        </employee>
        <employee>
        <name>Mike</name>
        <salary>55000</salary>
        </employee>
        </employees>

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What is the correct way to specify a DTD (Document Type Definition) for an XML document?

Specifying a URL as part of the XML declaration <?xml … ?>

Using a DOCTYPE declaration <!DOCTYPE … >

100%

Including a special dtd element in the XML (e.g. defined using <dtd> … </dtd>)

Placing the DTD schema rules within a comment at the top of the XML document

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When you validate the XML against the given DTD schema, you will find that the document is invalid.

This is because the rules for defining some elements and attributes are

missing.

Examine the error messages, and try to identify what information and structure

in the XML document is not specified in the document type definition.

To validate the XML document, you will need to add DTD rules to describe
the following structure.
- Add a rule specifying the
  name
  element, whose contents
  should be character data.
- Modify the rule for the
  menuitem
  element, so that its
  contents begins with a
  name
  element.
- Add a rule specifying the
  item
  element, which should be an
  empty element.
- Add a rule specifying the
  ingredients
  element; its contents
  should be zero or more occurrences of the
  item
  element.
- Modify the rule for the
  menu
  element, so that its contents
  requires an
  ingredients
  element, before zero or more
  occurrences of the
  service
  element.
- Modify the rule specifying the attributes of the
  item
  element, to add the
  id
  attribute; this should be of type
  
  ID
  , and it is required.
- Add a rule specifying that the
  service
  element should have
  an attribute called
  name
  ; its value must be one of
  
  breakfast, lunch, or dinner
  and
  it is a required attribute.
- Lastly, write a rule specifying the
  ref
  and
  
  amount attributes of the ingredient
  element.
  The
  ref
  attribute is required, and it should be of type
  
  IDREF
  : this means that the value of this attribute must
  refer to the value of an
  ID
  type attribute somewhere in the
  XML document.
  The value of the
  amount
  attribute is allowed to be an
  arbitrary string, and it should have a default value of
  
  1.0
  .

Now try to validate the document again using the
xmllint
tool.
You will find that there are two more errors.
Fix these errors, by making one change in the XML code.

Once you have written all the ncessary DTD schema rules, and the XML validates, enter your final DTD schema in to the box below, or upload it as a separate file.

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Which of the following is a correct DOCTYPE declaration specifying a DTD (Document Type Definition) for an XML document whose root element name is “bibliography”?

<?xml bibliography SYSTEM "bibliography.dtd" ?>

<!DOCTYPE bibliography SYSTEM "bibliography.dtd">

100%

<?xml bibliography DTD "bibliography.dtd" ?>

<!DOCTYPE SYSTEM "bibliography.dtd">

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