Crowdly

Having double covalent bonds between carbons in their hydrocarbon chain

✅

Being solid at room temperature

Having ester bonds linking their fatty acids to their glycerol backbone

Having hydrocarbon chains saturated with hydrogen

A lipid that is found in cell membranes, is a precursor for steroid hormones, and has a chemical structure containing four rings is:

Cholesterol

Glycerol

Phospholipid

Triacylglycerol

Fatty acid

What is the structure labelled 'A' in the following diagram of a bacterial cell?

Nucleolus

Nucleus

Nucleoid region

Plastid

Plasmid

Which of the following properties of water is shown here (a steel paper clip floating on water)?

paper clip floating on water

Surface tension

✅

Water molecules in a lattice formation

Adhesion

Specific heat

Cohesion

How many carbon atoms are in a molecule of RuBP?

Which of the following are products of the light reactions of photosynthesis that are utilised in the Calvin cycle?

electrons and H⁺

ATP and NADPH

ADP, P_i, and NADP⁺

H₂O and O₂

What three events occur during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

oxidation of water, reduction of NADP+, formation of ATP

✅

fixation of carbon dioxide, release of oxygen, synthesis of glucose

reduction of water, oxidation of NADP+, formation of ATP

release of oxygen, fixation of carbon dioxide, hydrolysis of ATP

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?

Respiration is the reversal of the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, while respiration releases it

Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals

Respiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic

What is the primary function of the Calvin cycle?

use NADPH to release carbon dioxide

synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide

split water and release oxygen

transport RuBP out of the chloroplast

In mitochondria, chemiosmosis actively transports protons (H⁺) from the matrix into the intermembrane space, whereas in chloroplasts, chemiosmosis actively transports protons from:

the stroma to photosystem II

photosystem II to photosystem I

the stroma to the thylakoid space

the thylakoid space to the stroma