What type of precipitation is pictured in this image:

To derive the general Laplace equation below, which three assumptions are required?

A core of sandstone is brought into the laboratory and a Darcy experiment is done on the on the core to determine the hydraulic conductivity (K). See experimental set up below.

The following was recorded: core diameter (D) 10 cm; core length (L) 20 cm; steady state flow (Q) was recorded at 5 ml/min; h₁ = 20 cm; h₂ = 5 cm.

a)  Using Darcy’s law, determine the hydraulic conductivity (K) of the core in the units of [m/s] and report to two decimals.

b) Assuming that the fluid used in the experiment is fresh water at 25 °C, determine the intrinsic permeability (k) for the sandstone in [m²] and report to 1 decimal.  

Peak runoff will be higher from a catchment with wet antecedent conditions

If the total rainfall depth in a 12 hour rainfall event is 96 mm, what is the average exceedance probability (as a percentage)?

When a hydrologist or engineer is discussing evaporation rates there are two quantities that are generally considered, namely:

1. Potential Evaporation, and;
2. Actual Evaporation.

Considering potential evaporation it is: