Determine the Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) and the Energy Grade Line (EGL) for the closed conduit system in the Figure above.

The conduit tapers uniformly from the left end to the right end.

Which Figure below shows the correct answer?

In a horizontal pipe with length L, the diameter decreases from D_start to D_end as shown in the Figure above.

If water flows from left to right and the head loss due to pipe friction is not negligible which one of the following cases describes the Energy Grade Line (EGL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) correctly?

The difference between the Energy Grade Line (EGL) and Hydraulic Grade Line (HGL) can be expressed as:

The figure below conceptualizes the parameters that are relevant for waves created by wind blowing across the ocean. To determine the wave height, H, several variables should be considered including the wind speed, V, the water density, ρ, the air density, ρ_a, the water depth, d, the distance from the shore, l, and the gravity acceleration, g, . 

Using d, V, and ρ as repeating variables, complete below the dimensional analysis to determine a suitable set of Π terms that could be used to describe this problem. 

Two dimensionless parameters that relate H and ρ_a with repeating variables have already been determined as Π₁=H¹d^-1V⁰ρ⁰ = H/d and Π₂=ρ_a¹d⁰V⁰ρ^-1 = ρ_a/ρ respectively. In order to complete the analysis, you are tasked to identify other dimensionless Π groups

What are some of the potential sources of discrepancies between the experimental observations and the Moody diagram.

Select all the TRUE responses: (Note that wrong answers will result in deduction of marks to a minimum of zero marks for this question part.)

Select the TRUE response.

Pipes A and B are connected by a differential manometer. Both pipes contain the same fluid with a density less than the density of the fluid in the manometer. The pressures in pipes A and B are P_A and P_B, respectively. Given the figure below, what is the correct relationship between P_A and P_B?

This is a slice (side view) through the pipe system.

 A fluid of density, ρ = 712 kg/m³ and viscosity, μ = 0.048 Pa.s flows through a pipe of 50 mm diameter at 4 m/s. 

This flow can be classified as:

Which statement about fluids is correct?