It has relation with vas deferens in abdomen.

It begins at the level of vesicoureteric junction

It begins at the level of the renal papilla.

It is a retroperitoneal organ.

It enters to the neck of urinary bladder.

oblique muscles

detrusor muscles

longitudinal muscles

internal urethral sphincter

The right kidney is an intraperitoneal organ.

The  right kidney is located lower than the left kidney.

It is related posteriorly to the 11^th and 12^th ribs.

Its capsule is located external to the surrounding fat tissues.

The hilum of right kidney is directed laterally.

lungs

kidney

buffers

ammonia production

proximal convoluted tubule

loop of Henle

collecting duct

distal convoluted tubule

ascending loop of Henle

proximal convoluted tubule

descending loop of Henle

collecting duct

K⁺

Ca²⁺

Cl^-

HPO₄^2-

Na⁺

zone B to zone C

zone B to zone A

zone A to zone B

zone C to zone B