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BCSE303L Operating Systems (Theory) Fall 2025-26 (C1+TC1) [VL2025260101356]

BCSE303L Operating Systems (Theory) Fall 2025-26 (C1+TC1) [VL2025260101356]

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Which of the following best explains why filesystem fragmentation affects performance?

Fragmentation prevents file locks

Fragmentation increases CPU usage only

Files spread over noncontiguous blocks cause additional seeks and random I/O, slowing access especially on spinning disks; less impact on SSDs

Fragmentation improves sequential reads

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Which of the following best describes the role of the page table base register (CR3 on x86)?

Holds physical address of current page table root so MMU can translate virtual addresses to physical addresses

Controls disk I/O scheduling

It sets CPU frequency

Manages user authentication

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What is a context switch?

Converting source code to binary

Rebooting the system

Switching the CPU from one process or thread to another

Changing file permissions

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What is the effect of increasing the time quantum in Round Robin scheduling?

Turns Round Robin into FCFS exactly

Always improves response time

Requires more memory

Decreases context switches but may increase response time for interactive tasks if too large

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Which of the following is typically stored in swap space during hibernation (suspend-to-disk)?

Temporary files only

Only user accounts

The full contents of RAM such that the system can resume to previous state when powered back on

Only kernel logs

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Which of the following best describes how the OS ensures fairness among network flows?

Use queuing disciplines, rate limiting, and scheduling algorithms (e.g., fair queuing) to share bandwidth fairly and mitigate congestion

Use only FCFS for packets always

Prioritize file I/O over network

Ignore networking entirely

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Which of the following is true about swap encryption?

Encrypting swap protects data written to swap from being read by unauthorized parties if physical storage is compromised

Swap encryption is irrelevant

Swap encryption prevents swapping entirely

Swap encryption is always done in hardware only

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Which of the following best describes the difference between blocking and non-blocking I/O?

Blocking I/O causes calling process to wait until operation completes; non-blocking returns control immediately, possibly with partial progress

Non-blocking I/O uses more disk space

Blocking returns immediately; non-blocking waits until complete

Only blocking I/O can be used in kernels

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Which of the following is an example of a safety property for OS resource allocation?

Ensuring maximum throughput only

Ensuring no resource is ever allocated

Ensuring that system invariants (like memory protection rules) are never violated during operation

Determining hardware pin layout

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Which of the following best explains the benefit of sandboxing mechanisms like seccomp or AppArmor?

They replace virtual memory

They slow everything down

Restrict syscalls and filesystem/network capabilities for processes, reducing impact of compromise and limiting attack surface

They encrypt processes

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