In communication, ____happens when an individual expresses their ideas, feelings or insights to themselves or others.

Which of the following is NOT an attribute of leadership in the business context? 

 __________ refers to being a manager.

________________ is defined as humaneness – a pervasive spirit of caring and community, harmony and hospitality, respect and responsiveness – that individuals and groups display towards one another.

If Gezani Mahumani, the finance manager at Swifambo Airlines, advises line managers to ensure that staff members do not work overtime to stabilise the bloated payroll, what kind of authority does Gezani have over the line managers?

Which one of the following statements is a limitation of specialisation?

Vutlhari Chauke is the managing director of DBG Clothing Manufacturers and has the right to command, or give orders to, functional managers reporting to him. Vutlhari, therefore, has __________ authority.

____________________ is the way in which a task is broken up into smaller units to take advantage of specialised knowledge or skills to improve productivity, whereas ___________________ is the determination of an employee’s work-related responsibilities.

Volkswagen AG (VWAGY) is a German company comprising 12 brands: Volkswagen Passenger Cars, Audi, SEAT, ŠKODA, Bentley, Bugatti, Lamborghini, Porsche, Ducati, Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles, Scania and MAN. What kind of departmentalisation is best suited to VWAGY?

Swart Electrical is a Small, Medium and Micro Enterprise (SMME) specialising in electrical supplies in South Africa. The founder and CEO, Mr Swart, prefers to solicit inputs from managers of different departments before formulating organisational goals. However, once planning has been concluded, he does not allow managers to deviate from the set goals. Which one of the following options is evident in the scenario regarding the costs of planning?