It explains the nature of the relationship between the two variables.

A scatterplot in which the points do not have a linear trend.

An influential point in regression is one whose removal would greatly impact the equation of the regression line. 

We use statistical tests to determine if the sample data give good evidence against the claim (H0). 

The null hypothesis is true and we reject it.

As the level of significance or alpha level increases, the probability of making a Type II error (β) decreases and vice versa.

The absolute value of the coefficient indicates the magnitude, or the strength, of the relationship. 

It involves using data to calculate a line that best fits that data and then using that line to predict scores. 

A single-tail hypothesis simply states that the mean is greater or less than the hypothesized value.

If our data results in a statistic that falls within the region determined by the level of significance then we accept H0.