Encrypted session tokens being intercepted

Unauthorized users accessing backup files or directory listings

Temporary loss of access control mechanisms

Malicious users injecting scripts into HTTP headers

Manipulating session tokens

Using CAPTCHA bypass methods

Exploiting strong encryption algorithms

Forcing a server restart

A process of encrypting sensitive user data to prevent unauthorized access

A strategy to ensure all users have equal access to all system resources

A mechanism that determines who can interact with specific resources in a system or network

A set of rules that blocks all network traffic by default

User enumeration

Session hijacking through unprotected URLs

Weak hashing algorithms

Credential storage risks

Nikto

Wireshark

John the Ripper

Burp Suite

 User actions, IP addresses, and session identifiers

Results of CAPTCHA challenges

Biometric data of all users

Encrypted passwords and session cookies

Adding computational delays to slow down attackers

Preventing identical passwords from producing the same hash

Making password databases harder to back up

Ensuring passwords are stored securely in plaintext

It ensures that only encrypted credentials are stored

It eliminates the need for strong passwords

It prevents brute-force attacks entirely

It adds a second layer of verification

SSLstrip

Directory traversal

Brute-force tools

SQL injection

AES-256

DES and Triple-DES

bcrypt, scrypt, or Argon2

MD5 and SHA1