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Іноземна мова за професійним спрямуванням, частина 3

Іноземна мова за професійним спрямуванням, частина 3

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Cultural sensitivity means:

criticising local traditions during the study

ignoring cultural differences to keep the study "objective"

respecting participants’ values, beliefs and practices

working only with people from one culture

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If deception is used, researchers must:

ask participants not to talk about the study

delete all data immediately

debrief participants and explain the real purpose

hide the true nature of the study forever

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Confidentiality in research means that:

researchers never store any data

all data are published openly with names

personal information is kept secure and private

participants cannot ask questions

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Minimising harm means that researchers:

do not inform participants about possible risks

ensure that risks are outweighed by potential benefits

never work with vulnerable groups

ignore psychological harm if there is no physical harm

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Which element is NOT part of informed consent?

explanation of potential risks and benefits

explanation of the purpose of the study

guarantee that there will be no risks at all

possibility to decide whether to participate

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A machine-learning model performs significantly worse for a particular demographic group. According to the principles of objectivity and non-discrimination, the researcher should:

B) remove this group from the dataset to improve average metrics

A) ignore the problem because overall accuracy is high

D) keep the issue internal to avoid critical peer review

C) disclose the limitation, investigate the cause, and adjust data and evaluation to address the bias

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When is it ethically acceptable to collect behavioural metrics from users?

B) When the platform is popular enough

C) When researchers never plan to publish the data

A) When it reduces system latency

D) When participants are informed, data is anonymised where possible, and precautions are taken

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Which combination of principles best protects vulnerable groups in data-driven research?

A) Profitability, legality, and openness

D) Non-discrimination, secrecy, and negligence

B) Confidentiality, carefulness, and social responsibility

C) Transparency, plagiarism, and objectivity

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An automated system misclassifies harmful content and fails to filter it out. In terms of accountability, the researcher should:

A) accept responsibility, disclose the system’s limitations, and work to improve it

C) ignore user complaints because the hardware vendor is at fault

B) blame the dataset provider and deny any responsibility

D) keep the error secret to avoid criticism

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Which example best shows misuse of intellectual property?

A) Quoting another paper with proper citation

C) Reusing someone’s code library without citation or licence

D) Translating documentation and crediting the original author

B) Adapting open-source code under its licence terms

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