Which mechanism describes the action of second-generation sulfonylureas (e.g., Glimepiride) in treating Type 2 diabetes, and what is their typical duration of action?

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Activate PPAR-γ for lipid/glucose gene modulation; used in dual PPAR agonists like Saroglitazar.

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Bind ATP-dependent K⁺ channels on β-cells, depolarize to increase Ca²⁺ and insulin secretion; long duration (~24 hours).

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Inhibit DPP-4 to increase incretin levels; short duration (~12 hours).

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Inhibit α-amylase for delayed sugar breakdown; first-line for gestational diabetes.

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Block SGLT-2 in kidneys for 90% glucose reabsorption inhibition; beneficial in heart/kidney disease.

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Which mechanism describes the action of second-generation sulfonylureas (e.g., G...

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