In a temperate lake, summer monitoring shows that the water column is clear, but dissolved oxygen levels near the bottom drop sharply at night while surface oxygen remains adequate. Which main type of water pollution most directly explains this pattern and its effect on bottom-dwelling organisms?

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Thermal pollution from heated discharges raising surface water temperature

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Organic pollution from biodegradable wastes increasing microbial respiration

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Salinity pollution from road salt increasing density of bottom waters

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Sediment pollution from erosion increasing turbidity throughout the water column

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In a temperate lake, summer monitoring shows that the water column is clear, but...

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