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A 60-year-old man who has a history of cigarette smoking, (90 packs per year) had a chronic cough for the past 10 years. He has begun to lose weight (3 kg) during the past year. He has a chest radiograph that reveals a right hilar mass. Sputum cytology shows atypical, hyperchromatic squamous cells. What is the most common initial pathway for metastases from this lesion?