The cosmic microwave background is almost perfectly uniform in all directions, except for very small deviations in its temperature. What do scientists think these small deviations represent?

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Regions of slightly higher helium abundance in the early Universe

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Regions of slightly higher density that made it possible for galaxies to form

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Small increases in temperature caused by individual stars

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The warmer spots represent regular matter, and the cooler spots represent dark matter

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Regions of slightly higher temperature that made it possible for galaxies to form

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Varying redshifts and blueshifts due to motions of gas in the early Universe

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Small increases in density caused by individual stars

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The cosmic microwave background is almost perfectly uniform in all directions, ...

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