The G protein exchanges GDP for GTP and then dissociates into the α sub-unit and the β-γ dimer sub-unit, with only the α sub-unit having cellular effects

The G protein exchanges GDP for GTP and then dissociates into the α sub-unit and the β-γ dimer sub-unit both of which can have cellular effects

The G protein exchanges GDP for GTP and then acts through the PLC pathway or the cAMP pathway

The G protein exchanges GDP for GTP and then binds to ion channels to make them open

Only the α sub-unit of the G protein exerts cellular effects through 2^nd messengers