When comparing the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol, what is the most significant evolution in the international legal framework for bioprospecting that the Protocol introduces?

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It established the "common heritage of mankind" as the guiding principle for all marine genetic resources

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It transitioned the concept of access and benefit-sharing (ABS) from a general goal into a legally binding, operational framework.

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It mandated that all signatories develop national strategies for the conservation of biological diversity

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It was the first international agreement to recognize a nation's sovereign rights over its genetic resources.

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When comparing the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Prot...

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