Only passive sniffing can be prevented through encryption and secure authentication, while active sniffing cannot be countered.

Passive sniffing requires physical access to the network, while active sniffing can be done remotely.

Passive sniffing involves sending fake ARP messages to intercept data, whereas active sniffing captures traffic without altering it.

Active sniffing is easier to detect because it involves altering network traffic, while passive sniffing is harder to detect due to its non-intrusive nature.