The learning objectives in the “metabolic specialisation of tissues” lecture outline 4 different mechanisms used by tissues that confer tissue-specific roles in whole body metabolism. 

One mechanism is the expression of different glucose transporters. For example, the liver expresses GLUT2 which has low affinity for glucose and enables glucose to pass through to other tissues, muscle and adipose tissues express GLUT4 which confers insulin-sensitive glucose uptake in the fed state, the brain expresses GLUT3 which has very high affinity for glucose and ensures that the brain stays alive in an extreme hypoglycemic event, and pancreatic beta cells express GLUT2 to enable glucose sensing as glucose levels rise which triggers insulin secretion. 

Name the other 3 mechanisms and give examples of how each mechanism confers tissue-selectivity in the context of whole body metabolism.

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