Your colleagues want to test the hypothesis that mothers with low socio-economic status (SES) deliver babies whose birthweights are lower than babies born in other areas. To test this hypothesis, records were obtained for a sample of 100 full-term, live-born births from the maternity ward of a hospital in a low-SES area.
The mean birthweight was found to be 3263g with a sample standard deviation of 684g. The 95% confidence interval for the mean birthweight was calculated as:
Obs Mean Std. Err. [95% Conf. Interval]
---------------------------------------------------------------
100 3263 68.4 3127.28 3398.72
From the Australia's Mothers and Babies report published in 2020, the mean birthweight of all liveborn babies born in Australia in 2018 was 3323g.
The next step is to perform a one-sample t-test to test whether the birthweights from this hospital has the same mean as the general population. What, if anything, can you tell your colleagues about the P-value they will obtain from the one-sample t-test?

Question

Your colleagues want to test the hypothesis that mothers with low socio-economic status (SES) deliver babies whose birthweights are lower than babies born in other areas. To test this hypothesis, records were obtained for a sample of 100 full-term, live-born births from the maternity ward of a hospital in a low-SES area. 
 The mean birthweight was found to be 3263g with a sample standard deviation of 684g. The 95% confidence interval for the mean birthweight was calculated as: 
 Obs        Mean    Std. Err.       [95% Conf. Interval] 
 --------------------------------------------------------------- 
 100        3263        68.4         3127.28     3398.72 
 From the Australia's Mothers and Babies report published in 2020, the mean birthweight of all liveborn babies born in Australia in 2018 was 3323g. 
 The next step is to perform a one-sample t-test to test whether the birthweights from this hospital has the same mean as the general population. What, if anything, can you tell your colleagues about the P-value they will obtain from the one-sample t-test?

Answer

It's impossible to predict the size of the P-value before conducting the test.

Answer

The P-value depends on first defining a clinically important difference.

Answer

The P-value will be greater than 0.05.

Answer

The P-value will be less than 0.05.

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