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A processor has a cache hit rate of 80% and a cache access time of 2 cycles. If the main memory access time is 50 cycles, what is the average memory access time (AMAT)?

 

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A CPU has separate functional units for integer and floating-point operations. An instruction mix contains 40% integer operations, 30% floating-point, and 30% memory operations. If the integer unit completes an operation in 1 cycle, the floating-point unit in 3 cycles, and memory operations in 2 cycles, what is the average cycles per instruction (CPI)?

 

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A processor has a 5-stage pipeline (Fetch, Decode, Execute, Memory, Write-back). If a branch instruction is encountered and mispredicted 25% of the time, with a 2-cycle penalty per misprediction, what percentage of total cycles is wasted due to branch mispredictions if 10% of all instructions are branches?

 

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In a deeply pipelined processor, which factor has the MOST significant impact on performance degradation due to branch instructions?

 

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Consider a system where the memory unit implements a Harvard architecture. Which of the following would be an advantage of this approach?

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Which of the following best describes the role of the Reorder Buffer (ROB) in out-of-order execution?

 

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In modern CPUs, the register renaming technique is primarily used to:

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1. In a superscalar processor, how do multiple functional units contribute to instruction execution?

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Оберіть вірне твердження стосовно визначень QA i QC?

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Тестування програмного забезпечення - це:

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