The crystal would still have yielded if the angle between the normal of the slip plane and the direction of the applied force was reduced to 10°

The crystal would still have yielded if the angle between the slip direction and the direction of the applied force was reduced to 20°

The critical resolved shear stress of the crystal is above 163 MPa.

The critical resolved shear stress of the crystal is below 163 MPa.

The crystal would still have yielded if the applied stress was increased to 220 MPa.

Solid solution strengthening

Grain size strengthening

Dislocation strengthening

Precipitation strengthening

-150 °C

25 °C

-25 °C

75 °C

-75 °C

Tempering of martensite is a process of carbides precipitation, it reduces the yield strength but increase the toughness of the martensite.

Tempering of martensite is a process of ferrite precipitation, it decreases both the yield strength and the toughness of the martensite.

Tempering of martensite is a process of carbides precipitation, it reduces the toughness but increase the yield strength of the martensite.

Tempering of martensite is a process of ferrite precipitation, it reduces the yield strength but increase the toughness of the martensite.

Precipitation of secondary phase particles

Plastic deformation

Increasing the amount of alloying elements

Increasing of grain size