Erythrocytes

A porcine valve is an example of a mechanical valve. 

Mechanical valves are made of synthetic materials and are long-lasting. 

Biological valves are composed of living tissue, and require the patient to take blood thinners.

Mechanical valves last for 10–15 years only.

Increasing physical activity

Reducing salt intake

Increasing sugar intake

Quitting smoking

Vascular

vessels.

capillaries.

arteries.

veins.

Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Body

Right atrium → Left atrium → Right ventricle → Left ventricle → Lungs → Body

Left atrium → Left ventricle → Lungs → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Body

Body → Left atrium → Right atrium → Lungs → Left ventricle → Right ventricle

the atria and ventricles relax.

the atria and ventricles contract.

the atria relax and the ventricles contract.

the atria contract and the ventricles relax.

bradycardia and tachycardia only.

arrhythmia and bradycardia only.

arrhythmia and tachycardia only.

arrhythmia, tachycardia, bradycardia, or a normal heartbeat