Because K⁺ ions are more abundant outside the cell than inside

Because the membrane is more permeable to K⁺ than to Na⁺ at rest

Because Na⁺ channels are constantly open, allowing Na⁺ to flow out

Equal concentrations of Na⁺ and K⁺ in both the ECF and ICF

High Na⁺ and low K⁺ in the ECF; low Na⁺ and high K⁺ in the ICF

Low Na⁺ and high K⁺ in the ECF; high Na⁺ and low K⁺ in the ICF

Because it measures the chemical gradient between the cell and its environment

Because it describes the movement of ions inside the nucleus.

Because it refers to the difference in electric potential across the cell membrane

Automatic response to sensory input

Chemical messenger that triggers muscle contractions

Junction between a sending and a receiving neuron

Neural network

Release neurotransmitters into the spatial junctions between neurons

Receive incoming signals from other neurons

Control pain through the release of opiate-like chemicals into the brain

Leaky channels move ions against gradients; gated channels do not.

Leaky channels respond to hormones; gated channels to electricity.

Leaky channels are always open; gated channels open by signals.

Leaky channels use active transport; gated channels work in cell division.

none of these answers

+30 mV

-83 mV

+83 mV

+64.3 mV

anions will enter the cell

the membrane potential will become more negative

Y- ions will leave the cell

the membrane potential will not change

the membrane potential will become more positive

anions will flow into the cell

+40 mV

-70 mV

+55 mV

-30 mV