consecutive interpreting

oral translation

sign language interpreting

whispered interpreting

sight translation

an interpreter provides a complete and accurate rendition of the original that does distorts the original message and tries to capture certain extralinguistic information that the speaker might have provided subject to the constraints imposed by certain external conditions.

an interpreter provides a complete and accurate rendition of the original that does not distort the original message and tries to capture any and all extralinguistic information that the speaker might have provided subject to the constraints imposed by certain external conditions.

an interpreter provides a simplified rendition of the original that distorts the original message and tries to capture certain extralinguistic information that the speaker might have provided subject to the constraints imposed by certain external conditions.

an interpreter provides a simplified rendition of the original that does not distort the original message and tries to capture certain extralinguistic information that the speaker might have provided subject to the constraints imposed by certain external conditions.

paraphrase or explain

ask a question that could embarrass the speaker

call attention to your difficulty, and/or ask the speaker to repeat or explain

omit this part

a form of interpreting in which a linguist renders a message from one language into another by whispering it to the client

is a mode of providing interpreting services in spoken and signed languages characterised by the remote location of the interpreter(s).

a simplified simultaneous interpreting system that can be used for a limited number of participants, up to 75 and to provide simultaneous interpretation solutions for meetings that require freedom of mobility

is the practice of interpreting from one language to another through a third language

early 19th century

late 20th century

early 18th century

early 17th century

early 20th century

late 17th century

late 18th century

late 19th century