What role does metadata play in a file system?

How does context switching affect system

performance?

What are the pros and cons of using virtual

memory?

A system with cache, RAM, and disk has access

times of 2 ns, 20 ns, and 8 ms, respectively. Cache hit rate is 90%, and main

memory hit rate after cache miss is 98%. Calculate the average access time.

Explain the difference between a process and a

thread.

Compare

monolithic and microkernel OS designs.