Fair and inclusive decision-making processes

The legal procedures for implementing adaptation measures

The fair distribution of adaptation benefits and burdens

Using highly technical language to ensure precision

Two-way dialogue addressing perceptions, values, and concerns

Concealing uncertainties to avoid public panic

One-way information provision from experts to the public

The inability of species to adapt to climate change

The failure to implement any adaptation measures

Adaptation measures that unintentionally increase vulnerability

The process of reversing climate change impacts

 The numbing effect of repeated exposure to risk information

The tendency to underestimate large numbers of deaths or catastrophes

The psychological impact of constantly thinking about risks

The inability to perceive risks due to mental illness

Empowers communities in decisions that affect them

 Incorporates diverse knowledge and perspectives

Improves quality and legitimacy of decisions

 Guarantees unanimous agreement on all decisions

Invisible causes and distant impacts

Long time horizons

Overabundance of simple solutions

Scientific uncertainty and complexity

Based on legal requirements only

Based on the type of risk (simple, complex, uncertain, or ambiguous)

Based on the number of stakeholders affected

Based on the budget available for engagement

Use only technical data and avoid stories

Frame around shared values (health, security, economy)

Focus solely on long-term impacts

Assessing risk based on personal experiences

 Evaluating risk based on emotional responses

Judging risk based on cultural factors

 Estimating risk based on media representation

There is no such thing as "real" risk, as all risk assessments are based on available knowledge and perceptions

Calculated risk is always more accurate than perceived risk, and represents the "real" risk

"Real" risk is an absolute measure that exists independently of human knowledge or perception.

 Perceived risk is subjective, while calculated risk and "real" risk are objective measures